Vernal Equinox Day in Japan: Understanding Ohigan and Spring Traditions

Vernal Equinox Day, known in Japanese as Shunbun no Hi, is a national holiday that celebrates the arrival of spring. It is part of a traditional period called Ohigan, which is a time for reflecting on life and honoring deceased family members.

The Traditions of Ohigan

Ohigan is a period deeply rooted in Buddhist traditions. The term "Ohigan" refers to "the other shore," a metaphor for the state of enlightenment. During this time, many Japanese people engage in spiritual practices to bridge the gap between the living and the departed.

The most common activity is ohaka-mairi, or visiting family graves. Families clean the gravestones, offer fresh flowers, light incense, and provide offerings of food and water. This act is seen as a way to show respect and maintain a connection with ancestors. You will notice many Buddhist temples and cemeteries are particularly busy during this week.

Seasonal Foods and Spring Symbols

Food plays a significant role in celebrating the change of seasons. During the spring Ohigan, it is traditional to eat botamochi. These are sweet rice balls made from glutinous rice, filled with red bean paste (anko) and coated in more paste. While the name changes to ohagi in the autumn, the spring version is specifically called botamochi.

The arrival of spring is also marked by the blooming of cherry blossoms (sakura) across Japan. While hanami (cherry blossom viewing) is a separate social activity, the timing of the equinox often coincides with the sakura season in many regions, making it a period of renewal and natural beauty.

Practical Information for Residents

Because Vernal Equinox Day is a national holiday, please be aware of the following practical changes:

• Banks and Post Offices: Most branches of Japan Post Bank and other major financial institutions will be closed. Plan your cash withdrawals in advance.

• Public Services: City halls and government offices will be closed.

• Transportation: While trains and buses continue to run, schedules may change on holiday weekends. Always check the official website of your local transport provider for specific holiday timetables.

• Retail and Dining: Most supermarkets, convenience stores, and restaurants remain open, though some smaller local shops may close.

Good to know

• Holiday Timing: The exact date of the equinox changes slightly every year based on the solar calendar.

• Temple Etiquette: If you visit a temple to observe Ohigan, remember to follow local customs, such as bowing quietly and being respectful of those praying.

• Flower Offerings: If you wish to offer flowers at a grave, seasonal blooms are preferred.

Official information

• Prime Minister's Office of Japan
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
• Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO)

Rules and fees can change. Please confirm the latest details with the official sources above.