How to Call the Police in Japan (110): What to Say and When to Call

To reach the police in an emergency in Japan, dial 110 from any phone. You should call when there is an immediate threat to life, a crime in progress, or an accident requiring urgent assistance.

When to Call 110

The 110 emergency number is strictly for police matters. You should use this number if you are witnessing a crime, such as theft, assault, or vandalism, or if you are involved in a traffic accident that requires police intervention. If someone is injured or there is a fire, do not call 110; instead, dial 119 for the fire department and ambulance services.

For non-emergency matters, such as reporting a lost item or asking for general information, you should contact your local police station directly or call the non-emergency police consultation number, #9110. Using 110 for non-emergencies can tie up lines needed for life-threatening situations.

What to Say During the Call

When the dispatcher answers, they will typically identify themselves as the police. Try to remain calm. The dispatcher will need several pieces of information immediately:

• The type of emergency: State clearly if it is an accident, a crime, or another emergency.

• Your location: This is the most critical part. If you are unsure of your exact address, look for nearby landmarks, shop names, or street signs. If you are in a car, look for highway mile markers.

• Your phone number: The dispatcher may need to call you back if the line cuts out.

• Details of the situation: Briefly describe what is happening, if anyone is injured, and if there are any suspects in sight.

If you do not speak Japanese, say "English, please" immediately. Many dispatch centers in major cities like Tokyo or Osaka have access to interpretation services or English-speaking officers, but it may take a moment to connect you.

What to Expect

After you provide the necessary details, the dispatcher will send officers to your location. They may ask you to stay on the line until help arrives or until they have gathered enough information. If you are at a crime scene, try to stay in a safe place and avoid touching anything that could be evidence. If you are a victim of a crime, try to note physical descriptions of suspects, such as clothing or height, if it is safe to do so.

Good to know

• 119 is for Fire and Ambulance: Do not use 110 for medical emergencies.

• Cost: Emergency calls to 110 are free from landlines and mobile phones.

• Koban: These are local police boxes found in most neighborhoods; they are excellent for reporting lost items or seeking directions.

• Location Apps: Having a GPS-enabled smartphone can help you identify your exact coordinates if you are lost.

Official information

• Prime Minister's Office of Japan
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
• Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO)

Rules and fees can change. Please confirm the latest details with the official sources above.